William Burr, a senior analyst at the nonprofit National Security Archive, today published a report that explores the previously unknown documentation — providing multiple clues about the contents of the famed presidential “Football” — that for decades has remained hidden away from the public.
Burr’s brief further explains:
“Since the late 1950s, U.S. military personnel traveling with the President have carried a special case known variously as the ‘satchel,’ the ‘black bag,’ the ’emergency actions pouch,’ and, as it is perhaps best known, the ‘Football.’ Epitomizing presidential control of nuclear weapons, the Football and the military aides who carry it enable the President to make decisions about the use of nuclear weapons in the event of a sudden military crisis.”
The declassified documentation provides a rare glimpse into the details of executive orders known as Presidential Emergency Action Documents (PEADs) through communications from numerous high-level government officials, including Edward A. McDermott, who served as Deputy Director of the Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization throughout the 1960s.
According to McDermott, the purpose of the documents held safely in the Football was “to clothe the President with formal emergency powers,” even though at least some were of “doubtful legality.”
Among the contingency powers with questionable legality were the suspension of habeas corpus, the declaration of martial law, and the authorization of mass arrests and even arbitrary detention.
The documents illustrate a decades-long debate between White House officials who were “worried about the status of the PEADs.”
Among those whose communications are now public are former National Security Advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski, Reagan’s NSA Director William Odom, and even President Carter’s second cousin, Hugh Carter, Jr., who expressed that the PEADs were “obsolete given the total devastation which could be expected from a thermonuclear attack on the US.”